Python – Data Types
Understanding what data types are accessible and how data is stored, retrieved, and manipulated in a programming language is one of the most crucial aspects of learning any programming language. Python is an object-oriented programming language in which everything is an object and every value has a datatype. Data types are thus classes in Python, and variables are instances (objects) of these classes.
In Python, there are several data types that may be classified as follows:
| Category | Data Types |
|---|---|
| Text | str |
| Numeric | int, float, complex |
| Sequence | list, tuple, range |
| Mapping | dict |
| Set | set, frozenset |
| Boolean | bool |
| Binary | bytes, bytearray, memoryview |
type() function
The type() method in Python is used to determine the datatype of a variable. Take a look at the sample below.
MyInt = 10 print(type(MyInt)) MyFloat = 10.5 print(type(MyFloat))
The output of the above code will be:
<class 'int'> <class 'float'>
Set data type of a variable
Python, unlike Java and C++, does not need the declaration of a variable or its data type. When a value is assigned to a variable, the data type is set. The table below shows how to set various data types in variable x.
| Data Types | Example |
|---|---|
| str | x = “Hello World!” or x = ‘Hello World!’ |
| int | x = 10 |
| float | x = 10.5 |
| complex | x = 5 + 5j |
| list | x = [1, 2, 3] |
| tuple | x = (1, 2, 3) |
| range | x = range(1, 5) |
| dict | x = {‘name’: ‘John’, ‘age’: 25} |
| Set | x = {1, 2, 3} |
| frozenset | x = frozenset({1, 2, 3}) |
| bool | x = True |
| bytes | x = b”Hello World!” |
| bytearray | x = bytearray(3) |
| memoryview | x = memoryview(bytes(3)) |
Set datatype of a variable using constructor
Data types are classes in Python, and variables are instances (objects) of these classes, as previously stated. These data type classes feature a built-in method called a function Object(). That may be used to create an object instance. The table below shows how to use the function Object() { [native code] } to set different data types in variable x.
| Data Types | Constructor | Example |
|---|---|---|
| str | str() | x = str(“Hello World!”) or x = str(‘Hello World!’) |
| int | int() | x = int(10) |
| float | float() | x = float(10.5) |
| complex | complex() | x = complex(5 + 5j) |
| list | list() | x = list((1, 2, 3)) |
| tuple | tuple() | x = tuple((1, 2, 3)) |
| range | range() | x = range(1, 5) |
| dict | dict() | x = dict(name=’John’, age=25) |
| Set | set() | x = set((1, 2, 3)) |
| frozenset | frozenset() | x = frozenset((1, 2, 3) |
| bool | bool() | x = boot(1) |
| bytes | byte() | x = bytes(3) |
| bytearray | bytearray() | x = bytearray(3) |
| memoryview | memoryview() | x = memoryview(bytes(3)) |